Foreign Language 3160

Class Protocol / Minutes

Monday, July 2nd, 2001

Discussion of Elements of Cinema

Visual:

Camera:

Angles: often used to diminish or enhance the size of an actor (especially 40’s films); used to distort; by breaking convention, distortion informs the viewer that we should not take what we are seeing literally

Distance

Movement

 

Mise-en Scene: how the elements of  scene are organized in relation to each other

Placement of people & objects

Movement of people & objects

Framing of shot: what is visible within the boundaries of the shot; how deaply can we see into the shot; do we have a sense of what is happening behind or around the main action

 

Lighting:

Backlighting

From above

From front

 

Aurally (sound): voice or soundtrack is used to help with transition where there is a visual edit

Voice

Sound effects

Music

On screen / off screen

 

Editing: putting two separate images together in transition; will stand out if soundtrack is turned off;

 

Content

The content of a film may create a particular response in the audience because certain things are imbedded in their psyche; these are often cliches

 

Graphic violence

Faces/closeups

Images of evil/good

Clothes

Actor

Emotion

History

Icons

Language

Nudity

Objects

Music

Cultural References

Example: we see Eurpoean films differently and read different things into them, because we are not familiar with the actors.

Example: the French film Diva makes a visual reference to the scene in The Seven Year Itch where Marilyn Monroe’s skirt is blown up from below. With this, imbedded cultural information is brought to the surface.

 ————

 Brief Analysis of The Gay Divorce

Camera:

Distance: same distance throughout the shot; even when cut to behind venetian blinds, the shot is at the same distance; full body shot giving us a sense of the stage

            Movement: follows the dancers throughout the shot. We see there expertise as dancers

Editing: almost no cuts

Lighting: classical High-Key lighting: bright, even illumination with few shadows

Brief Analysis of Flashdance

Camera: in contrast to The Gay Divorce the camera is making the dance as much as the dancer/actress

Distance: various distances; close shots from below make dancing appear larger than life; close shots allow other dancers to replace actress for difficult steps

Movement: lots of movement

Mise-en Scene: the actions and movements of the actress in relation to objects such as the record player show us that she is nervous

Lighting: lighting enhances the dance and the feel of the dancer’s prowess

Editing: many cuts away from dancing to show judges reactions = we are written in as judges.

Editing makes the dance leaps and spins seem longer than physically possible

Brief Analysis of The Tango Lesson

Camera: both full shots and close ups; camera focuses on the dance as in “The Gay Divorce” but also helps create it through changes in distance as in “Flashdance”

Lighting: mostly natural lighting, but snow scene is lit Low-Key (diffuse shadows with pools of light) to be romantic

 ————

 Zuckerbaby

1985

Director: Percy Adlon

Germany

 (art house film even in Germany)

use of color

use of camera angles

death imagery –flatline tone while she watches TV

lighting is very dark

when she first sees him, everything is overplayed

camera movement in sex scene teases the audience

food/sex connection

 

————

Babycakes

1989

Director: Paul Schneider

USA

 

(made for TV)

more realism

character is more connected to world; she is more caring, good at her job, has life outside work, has a friend, much younger

American films make a parody of the funeral business – we laugh at this

Plot line is more conservative

Ending has resolution